What it can look like
Examples include inaccessible spaces, refusing a required accommodation, excluding a qualified person from participation, harassment related to disability, or assuming a person is incapable without evaluating the individual.
Access changes the outcome
A staircase and a ramp are not identical, but both can lead to the same door. Fairness can require removing a barrier rather than pretending the barrier affects everyone equally.
Schools and public institutions
The U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights enforces Section 504 and Title II of the ADA in relevant education contexts to address disability discrimination.
What justice should require
Design for access, listen to the person affected, make required accommodations, judge capability individually, and remove barriers that are unnecessary.
Research source
This article is written in my own words and uses this source for the legal or factual background referenced above.